After electroblotting, the biotinylated proteins were visualized by binding streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase followed by chemiluminescent detection (GE Healthcare).
Subsequently, they can be modified by pectinases such as pectin methylesterases that catalyse the demethylesterification of homogalacturonans releasing acidic pectins, which can be visualized by ruthenium red binding (Downie et al., 1998; Micheli, 2001).
This RNA can be visualized by expressing the YFP-MS2 binding protein, which binds to the stem loop structure of the MS2 translational operator as a dimer (Fig. 1A). 3 hours after activation, YFP-MS2 accumulates at the transcription site in 88.3±1.8% of cells (Fig. 1B, panel k; Fig. 1C; Table S1).
To investigate this cohesion defect, we monitored splitting of URA3 sequences, which were visualized by the binding of Tet repressor-GFP to a tandem array of Tet operators (Michaelis et al, 1997).
Exposure to EE also induced a decrease in the staining intensity of hyaluronan, the backbone of all organized matrices, which was visualized by biotinylated hyaluronan binding protein (HABP) binding (Fig. 3G J1).
In order to determine the vascular continuity in Apc CKO lungs, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC -labeled lectin, an endothelial tracer, was injected into the right cardiac ventricle oFITC -labeledfetuses 5 min before lectinanvendotheliallmonary vascular perfusion was visualized by FItracertin binding.
After sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and electroblotting, the biotinylated proteins were visualized by colorimetric detection following binding by streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase (streptavidin-AP).
Vacant binding sites after photounbinding were visualized by subsequent rebinding of a differently labeled binding partner.
The successful binding was visualized by EM and AFM measurements, and the functioning of the RC was checked by flash photolysis experiments.
After rinsing with 0.1 % PBS-Tween® 20 for 3 × 5 min, antibody binding was visualized by 3,3′-diaminobenzidine using the DAB Peroxidase Substrate Kit Vector Laboratories Ltd.., Peterborough, UK) at room temperature for 5 min.
