Sentence examples for be viewed as causal from inspiring English sources

However, none of the analyses thoroughly tackles the issue of whether the observed membership effect on vacation can be viewed as causal or is due to the selection of vacation-prone individuals into trade unions.

But it is arguable that this role should be viewed as causal rather than justificatory, and thus as consistent with the a priori status of the knowledge (see Burge 1993b).

As genotypes are randomly determined at conception and are therefore not generally susceptible to reverse causation bias and confounding, 44 estimates from genetic analyses can be viewed as causal.

Nevertheless, though our results are suggestive, they should be viewed as associations, and causal interpretations should be made with caution.

Although there is no sharp delineation between strong or weak effects, "strong associations" tend to be viewed as being more suggestive of a causal relation than "moderate" or "weak" associations.

This can be viewed as whether the likelihood of a causal link is greater than 50%% or less than 50%%, respectively.

Said in other words, a cause can also be viewed as something that "completes an incomplete causal chain" [ 7] or precipitates a chain of events, which creates a state of vulnerability.

Causal connections tend to be viewed as logical connections; a principle of sufficient reason falls out which tends to be read as a matter of logical deduction.

Our findings here suggest that instead of body condition per se being causal, food restriction could be viewed as food stress; concomitant with the fall in androgens was an increase in corticosterone [39].

This attempt to increase the causal inference in an observational study could be viewed as a strength of this study.

The null results of the analysis should therefore be viewed as referring to the pesticide application program as a whole, rather than specifically addressing causal relations between the agents and asthma exacerbations.