Both transcripts appeared to be under distinct control.
GWA algorithms to control for population structure are less effective when the trait undergoing study has been under distinct modes of selection in distinct environments; flowering time is a classic example that has been notoriously difficult to map using population-based methods (Larsson et al. 2013).
In addition, sliding-window analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) indicated that regions under distinct selection pressures are differentiable from the genome background.
These considerations indicate that the IG1 and S6 domains could indeed be under selection pressures distinct from those acting on other regions of DG.
Because paralogs may be under different selection pressures, they were considered distinct proteins, for example, c-Myc, N-Myc, L-Myc, S-Myc, and L-Myc2 were all grouped separately.
This is because trypanosomes infecting multiple host species may be under selection to evolve and then maintain distinct ESAG alleles that are adapted to the different environments encountered in different species of mammalian host.
Protein domains are also evolving under directional selection, but appear to be under stronger purifying selection than non-domain regions.
Overall, we show that in two geologically distinct vent fields, low-abundance, high-diversity microbial populations co-existed alongside high-abundance, low-diversity populations that appeared to be under selection or had recently undergone a clonal expansion.
It has been suggested that ASEs and constitutively spliced exons (CSEs, exons that are always included in the transcript) are under different selection pressures and evolve at distinct rates – the former have higher nonsynonymous (Ka) substitution rates but lower synonymous (Ks) substitution rates than the latter [ 16, 18, 19, 24- 26].
Selection, though, could explain deviations from Hardy Weinberg if either alleles or genotypes are under selection or near loci under selection.
