According to current guidelines, exacerbations should be treated with increased bronchodilator therapy, glucocorticosteroids and/or antibiotics [ 1].
According to international guidelines, exacerbations should be treated with inhaled bronchodilators (particularly inhaled beta2-agonists with or without anticholinergics) and oral corticosteroids.
Pregnant women are also less likely to be treated with systemic corticosteroids for acute asthma exacerbations than non-pregnant women (50.8% versus 72.4%) [ 24].
Patients with few symptoms and low exacerbation risk should be treated with a short-acting bronchodilator as needed for breathlessness.
However, it is widely accepted that it is safer for pregnant women with asthma to be treated with asthma medications than continuing to have asthma symptoms and exacerbations.
Patients with pain exacerbation during percussion of the spinous process should be treated with vertebroplasty.
This study showed that the major determinant of future exacerbations, regardless of lung function, was an exacerbation the previous year, severe enough to be hospitalized or be treated with antibiotics or systemic corticosteroids.
Fourteen (63.6%) patients in the CPFE group and 6 (75%) in the IPF-alone group were treated with corticosteroids for acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia and acute respiratory failure at the terminal stage.
However, in countries with high prescription rates for antibiotics, many asthma patients with exacerbations are treated with antibiotics, leading to antibiotic overuse and bacterial resistance [ 5– 7].
Patients with an exacerbation were treated with a standardized 7-day course of oral prednisolone.
The HBoV-positive adult did not show immunosuppression but was treated with corticosteroids for a COPD exacerbation.
