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Let x 1,⋯,x n be the observed values from the OLLL-G distribution with parameters α,β and ξ.
Let x 1,…,x n be the observed values from the EMOG distribution with parameters p,α,λ and ξ.
In the presence of misclassification of the binary covariates, let (X_{a}^) and (X_{s}^) be the observed values of X a and X s, respectively.
Let, and be the observed values of the corresponding statistic.
Let (r i1,…, r im) and r p i = ∏ j = 1 m r i j be the observed values of (R i1,…, R im) and RP i, respectively.
Similar(55)
The decision rule Let (tilde{f}) be the observed value of the test statistic and (F_{1-alpha ;r-1,n_t -r} ) be the (alpha )th quantile of the fisher distribution with (r-1) and (n_t -r) degrees of freedom.
The peak plasma, trough plasma concentrations and the time to peak concentrations were the observed values observed at day 5.
(3)where n is the number of observation points, x o is the observed values, and (x_{c }) is the correlated values.
(5 where n is the number of observation points, x o ′ is the observed values' first derivative, and x c ′ is the correlated values' first derivative.
The SDEP was calculated according to: where oi are the observed values, pi the predicted values and n the number of values.
Although significant, the model only explains 6% of the variance (R2 = 0.06) and Figure 4 shows how the variables are the observed values and the poor contribution of the model.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com