Sentence examples for be the observed proportion from inspiring English sources

Let p k ^ be the observed proportion of responses y i equal k and let q k ^ be the proportion of predictions f ^ (x i ) equal k, where k is the class label of K class.

Conventionally, a proportional morbidity/mortality ratio for a particular disease is the observed proportion of illness/death due to a cause over the expected proportion.

To adjust the effect of physical distance on LD, we calculated the residual (r res ) by subtracting the expected r2 value from the observed r2 value, r res = r2 - E(r), which we regressed with the observed feature proportion, r res = cp + d, where p, c, and d are the observed proportion, the regression coefficient, and the intercept, respectively.

It is calculated using the following formula: kappa =frac{p_o-{p}_e}{1-{p}_e} in which " p o is the observed proportion of agreement, and p e is the proportion of agreement expected by chance" (Cohen 1968).

Here we reject the null hypothesis if | z|>1.965 where and is the observed proportion of paternal reads.

The relative reduction in advanced disease following screening is where O pa) is the observed proportion of advanced disease detected clinically, also estimated from the ECRIC data.

In addition, we calculated two measures of optimal performance: the lapse rate, which is the observed proportion of incorrect responses obtained at the longest gap duration, and maximum sensitivity, which is the d′ value at each function's asymptote.

16 The kappa statistic measures the agreement between two raters by relating the observed proportion of equally rated samples with what is expected from chance alone, ie, (Po – Pe)/(1 – Pe), where Po is the observed proportion of samples on which two raters agree and Pe is the proportion expected by chance alone.

The weights were calculated per sex and per 5-year age groups, using the formula: W = Pexp/Pobs, where Pobs is the observed proportion of persons in a specific age/gender category in the cohort (n1/n), and Pexp is the expected proportion of persons in a specific age/gender category in the population (N1/N), taking the European Standard Population in 2010 as the reference population [ 22].

Across the pair of distributions we computed the likelihood ratio chi-square measure of goodness-of-fit: (1) G 2 = 2 ∑ i = 1 14 Np i ln p i π i, where i = 1 … 14 indexes the 14 bins across both distributions, N is the total number of trials, p i is the observed proportion of responses in bin i, and π i is the model prediction for that bin (Ratcliff & Smith, 2004).

Points are the observed proportions of co-infection death among death certificates reporting at least one infection.