Although we found no evidence for this among the TH mutants studied here, it might still be considered an additional pathogenic mechanism in vivo, as proposed for PD [Haavik and Toska, 1998; Nakashima et al., 2013].
Whilst 1100delC appears to be the major pathogenic allele in some European populations (for example, the UK), in others (for example, Poland) CHEK2 harbours additional pathogenic alleles with appreciable frequencies.
Through the use of new animal models, researchers should be able to elucidate additional pathogenic mechanisms with the hope of finding new therapies.
However, once B. anthracis is engineered to express high levels of SMase C, the resulting mutant not only remains lethal but also evades the host immunity elicited by the live vaccine because additional pathogenic mechanisms are generated (Pomerantsev et al., 1997).
The second 'hit', which results in NASH, is thought to involve additional pathogenic factors that can eventually induce liver damage, such as inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and/or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (Day and James, 1998).
SMase C's pathogenicity is further illustrated by the demonstration that once Bacillus anthracis is engineered to express high levels of SMase C, the resulting mutant can evade the host immunity elicited by a live vaccine because additional pathogenic mechanisms are created.
DH-AgNps were then tested against additional pathogenic strains P. aeruginosa [ATCC 27853] and S. enterica [ATCC 13076] on Muller-Hinton agar plates.
It could also be additional bacteria, pathogenic bacteria.
Enterobacteriaceae are the most common pathogenic bacteria.
All individuals were re-screened for any additional pathogenic variant.
