Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
be substantiated on
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "be substantiated on" is not correct in standard written English.
The correct expression is "be substantiated by" or "be based on." Example: "The claims made in the report must be substantiated by credible evidence."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(8)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
2 human-written examples
However the data needs to be substantiated on large sample size.
Science
Cohort comparisons have shown differences in the nature, localization and frequency of mutations, but these studies need to be substantiated on larger groups [ 3].
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
That report was substantiated, on Twitter, by one of the local policing teams attached to Murdoch police station, in Perth's southern suburbs.
News & Media
The robustness of the proposed technique been substantiated on Fantasia Database (FTD), MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database (MIT-AD), MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm Database (MIT-NSD), and BIDMC Congestive Heart Failure Database CHFDD).
Science
The observed theoretical increase of sensitivity of the Skellam distribution over the Poisson distribution was substantiated on SNPs validated with two different techniques.
Science
An explanation for this unpredictable result is substantiated on the observation that rIL-6 administration strikingly upregulated the expression of the hepatic lipogenic enzymes ACCα/β, FAS and SCD1.
The authors' interpretation of these findings was that this is most likely related to laterality in horses and riders, but this cannot be substantiated based on the current data.
Nevertheless, although the findings clearly need to be substantiated by studies on primary adipocytes and in vivo, the unexpected difference observed in stimulatory effects of D-GIP1 30 D-GIP1 3030) and GIP1–42 (or D-GIP1 30) on LPL andivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is intriGIP1 42Figure 6).
Science
This remains to be substantiated by evidence on levels of ATP later in the course of neonatal sepsis development.
Science
This can be substantiated by our observation that on average only one aromatic interaction and less than one ionic interaction per protein - ligand complex are present in the 190 protein - ligand complexes we examined [10].
Science
A judge ruled that the "intentional elder abuse" allegations could not be substantiated and the family announced on October 13 2006 that the case had been settled out of court.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Always use "be substantiated by" or "be based on". For example: "The claim needs to be substantiated by evidence" or "The theory is based on solid research."
Common error
Avoid using "on" after "be substantiated". The correct prepositions are "by" (indicating the means of substantiation) or "based on" (indicating the foundation).
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
2.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "be substantiated on" functions incorrectly as a passive construction requiring evidence for validation. Ludwig AI highlights that standard English favors "be substantiated by" or "be based on". Examples show intended meanings of confirmation or support.
Frequent in
Science
66%
News & Media
34%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "be substantiated on" is grammatically incorrect. Ludwig AI indicates that the correct forms are "be substantiated by" or "be based on". While examples can be found in science and news media, these do not legitimize the incorrect usage. Always opt for "by" or "based on" to maintain grammatical accuracy and clarity in your writing. Using the right preposition ensures your message is both credible and easily understood.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
be supported by
Changes the verb to "supported" and the preposition to "by", implying a foundation or backing.
be confirmed by
Replaces "substantiated" with "confirmed", suggesting validation of accuracy.
be verified by
Uses "verified" instead of "substantiated", indicating that something has been proven true.
be corroborated by
Employs "corroborated" to indicate reinforcement with additional evidence.
be authenticated by
Replaces "substantiated" with "authenticated", suggesting that something's genuineness has been proven.
be validated by
Uses "validated", implying that something's accuracy has been checked.
be justified by
Changes the verb to "justified", suggesting that there is a good reason for something.
rest on
Uses the phrasal verb "rest on", indicating a foundation or base.
hinge on
Implies that something depends critically on a particular point.
depend on
Suggests reliance on something else for support or confirmation.
FAQs
What is the correct way to use "substantiate" in a sentence?
The verb "substantiate" typically requires the preposition "by". For example, "The claims must "be substantiated by" evidence."
What preposition should I use with "substantiated"?
Use "by" to indicate what provides the evidence (e.g., "substantiated by research") or use "based on" to indicate the foundation (e.g., "substantiated based on these findings").
Is it correct to say "be substantiated on"?
No, the correct usage is ""be substantiated by"" or "be substantiated based on". "Be substantiated on" is grammatically incorrect.
What can I say instead of "be substantiated on"?
Use alternatives like "be supported by", "be confirmed by", or "be validated by".
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
2.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested