During neoplastic progression, cells acquire mutations, compete for resources, and are subject of selection for ability to grow fast in a complex and dynamic environment.
Because of their critical role in signaling immune responses, chemokine receptors are subjects of intense selection to accommodate signaling molecules, and are expected to experience purifying selection to maintain conformation and functionality of ligand binding and signaling [ 30].
A branch-sites model [16] identified six sites with a high posterior probability of having been subject to selection; three of these sites are the nonsynonymous substitutions for which the derived alleles define the putatively selected haplotype in Europeans [15].
However, filter methods are subject to selection of redundant biomarkers; furthermore, these methods cannot explore solutions that require more than one marker to predict the underlying classes.
Suggesting that a core group of changes were subject to selection, the results of our two searches were overlapping.
Interestingly, a relatively high proportion of candidate genes showed evidence of being subject to selection compared to the randomly chosen SNPs (app. 30% versus app. 6%).
In contrast, BayeScan directly estimates the probability of each locus being subject to selection by comparing the likelihoods of neutral and selective models [ 39].
Note that R J k systematically underestimates the posterior odds that a set of sites are subject to selection since it predicates on all sites of J being selected.
But more than that, in a Darwinian sense it speaks to both the amount of variation that is subject to selection, and the nature of that variation.
Then, page 12, it is said that FUEs are "subject to selection independently of other FUEs".
