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This means that MC scholars contemplate, for instance, how liberal democracies should accommodate cultural diversity in their public institutions, while IC scholars reflect on how diverse citizens can be stimulated to enter into dialogue and contact in order to increase social bonds.
This is not quiescence because the cells cannot be stimulated to enter the cell cycle again, and the cells do not express senescence markers.
In vitro, Hayek and coworkers reported that human beta-cells can be stimulated to enter the cell cycle in vitro when cultured on a complex extracellular matrix [ 9], but this has been disputed as possibly being due to replication of exocrine cells contaminating the islet preparations [ 10].
Previously, we observed that cells are arrested at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle with this treatment, and could be stimulated to enter the cell cycle by IL-3 or by kinase activation (Additional file 2: Figure S1 and Additional File 3: Figure S2).
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During pregnancy, the LRECs are stimulated to enter the cell cycle and contribute to new progeny through asymmetric divisions.
Cells in the resting (G0) phase are stimulated to enter the active cycle at the first gap (G1) phase.
Quiescent cells were stimulated to enter the cell cycle by the addition of medium containing 20% FBS.
During pregnancy, where these cells persist, they are stimulated to enter the cell cycle and contribute to new progeny through asymmetric divisions.
When serum-deprived HCT116 cells were stimulated to enter the cell cycle, both TS and cyclin E (a known direct target of E2F transcription factors) started to increase several hours after addition of serum (G1 and early S-phase).
Of note, it was shown that replication stress and DNA damage are triggered by a burst of oxidative stress when quiescent HSCs are stimulated to enter the cell cycle in response to physiological stimuli, such as blood loss or infection-induced stimuli, such as interferon signaling (Walter et al., 2015).
As most current chemotherapeutic strategies target actively cycling cells, dormant and oncogenically mutated stem cells would be immune to such treatment, and could potentially cause leukemic relapse unless they can be pharmacologically stimulated to enter an active state.
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