Comparative functional genetic studies between angiosperms and bryophytes can define those genetic changes that were responsible for developmental innovations.
The hedgehog (hh) family of secreted signaling proteins is responsible for developmental patterning in a variety of systems, including the neural tube, limbs and somites.
The possibility of applying genetics in the zebra-fish system-actually finding the genes that were responsible for developmental processes and for behaviors in a vertebrate animal-was something people hadn't imagined you might really be able to do.
The secreted protein products of the hedgehog (hh) gene family are associated with local and long-range signalling activities that are responsible for developmental patterning in multiple systems, including Drosophila embryonic and larval tissues and vertebrate neural tube, limbs and somites.
Earlier, almost 100 different factors had been listed as being responsible for developmental defects of enamel (Small and Murray 1978).
The identification and expression profiling of gene family members that are responsible for developmental lignification have been reported for P. trichocarpa, Picea abies, and Pinus teada[ 39- 41].
A comparison of gene expression in wild type and Tox −/− ChILPs suggests that a decrease in Notch signals, in concert with their downstream target genes, including Tcf7, Hes1, Gata3, and Bcl11b might be responsible for the developmental defect in ChILPs.
These data indicate that multiple adverse outcome pathways may be responsible for the developmental toxicity of Se and salinity, and these pathways may be time dependent.
These findings suggest that mechanisms other than inhibition of AChE activity may, at least in part, be responsible for the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos.
Our data suggest that it is the presence of seizures and/or treatments for epilepsy in childhood that may be responsible for these developmental failures rather than the underlying brain pathology, at least in people with DNT.
