In the formulation, load, wind power, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) power are represented as random variables, and conventional generators are incorporated in a deterministic manner.
The basic idea is that the visual and semantic modalities of images are represented as random mixtures over multiple latent topics, where each topic is characterized by a distribution over each modality.
(see Fig. 1a) In our model the binding motifs and the PRs are represented as random binary sequences (thus, with r = 2), whose lengths obey different probability distributions.
LDA is a generative probabilistic model in which documents are represented as random mixtures over latent topics, and each topic is characterized by a distribution over words (22).
As another example which could lead to graded measurement vectors, adaptive evolution can be represented as a random walk on a graph representing genomic variants connected by possible mutation routes [40, 41].
A discrete information source can be represented as discrete random variables X, values for x 1, x 2 …x n and the values of the probability are p 1, p 2 …p n.
Generally, if passenger's perceived travel cost is represented as a random variable consisting of a deterministic component ( C_{k}^{text{rs}} ) and an additive random error.
To account for the randomness of the calibration parameters over space and across specimens, the spatially varying parameter is represented as a random field.
Sediment is represented as a random 2D collection of solid and water "particles", distributed on a regular lattice with individually assigned chemical, biological and physical properties, e.g. food versus inert material.
The reservoir dimensions are 1,400 × 400 × 10 m, and the porosity is represented as a random process drawn from a Gaussian distribution with a mean of 0.35 and a SD of 0.05.
