In this contribution, the virtual-power-based QC method is reformulated from a variational point of view, by employing the energy-based variational framework for rate-independent processes (Mielke and Roubíček, Rate-Independent Systems: Theory and Application, Springer-Verlag, 2015).
In order to solve the resultant problem, a crisp optimization problem is reformulated from FMOOP by taking into account the preference of decision maker regarding cost and reliability goals and then particle swarm optimization is applied to solve the resulting fuzzified MOOP under a number of constraints.
The Caputo derivative is reformulated from the more classic Riemann-Liouville derivative, and the initial conditions for Caputo fractional differential equations are expressed in the same manner as for integer-order differential equations [15].
The competitive nature of lung disposition was clinically seen, when beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) was reformulated from a CFC to a HFA metered dose inhaler (MDI) product (Leach et al. 1998).
(4) Minimize w, b, ξ, ξ * 1 2 w 2 + C ∑ i = 1 n (ξ i + ξ i * ) Subject to: (5) y i - w, x i - b ≤ ε + ξ i w, x i + b - y i ≤ ε + ξ i * ε, ξ i, ξ i * ≥ 0 If the space of the original data doesn't have a linear relationship with the dependent variable, the function f is reformulated from the primal model to the dual model Expression 6).
There has been some discussion about if and how (45) can be reformulated for other quantifiers; apart from Barwise (1978), see Westerståhl (1987) and Sher (1997).
SACRAMENTO — Eager to attack more hazardous household products, state officials went public Thursday with a first list of consumer products that might need to be reformulated or pulled from retailers' shelves altogether.
The evolution towards equilibrium could then be reformulated as an evolution from less probable to more probable states.
The message is that one of the questions should be reformulated to get further information from the respondent.
Like everyone, scientists tend to cut corners when writing early drafts of our research papers: just to get our thoughts from brain to screen, to be reformulated later.
