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Problem (4.5) can also be reformulated by nonsmooth equations using other methods, e.g., [15].
It is found that II and IV can be reformulated by using the variable transformation (u(x)=a+b-x) from I and III, respectively.
Then P can be reformulated by ({mathbf {x} in mathbb {R}^{n} : mathbf {a}_{i}^{T}mathbf {x}le b_{i} (i=1, ldots, 2n)}).
The corresponding PNR can then be reformulated by, PN R j = P j ℳ 2 ℳ σ d 2 ( 1 + γ ).
We use a constraint generation algorithm where each sub-problem (the recourse problem) can be reformulated by a mixed-integer linear program and hence solved by a standard solver.
The following lemma reformulates the maximum-delay reduction problem in a more tractable form: The on-line decoding delay reduction problem (2) can be reformulated by the following more tractable expression: (3).
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After some discussion in the 13th century it was reformulated by Descartes in his Meditations (1641).
In the 1950s and early 60s the inquiry begun by Cézanne was reformulated by three Americans – Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg and Cy Twombly – and I believe these are the artists of that epochal time with whom we should compare Hodgkin.
In modern times, the Ricardian pure theory of international trade was reformulated by American economist Paul Samuelson, improving on the earlier work of two Swedish economists, Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin.
The question is not so much whether you like or dislike this or that characterization of Virginia Woolf, Professor Silver said, but "who claims to speak for the true Virginia Woolf -- who owns her?" As Hermione Lee wrote in her celebrated 1997 biography, "Virginia Woolf's story is reformulated by each generation.
Kant's galactic hypothesis was reformulated by H. Curtis and confirmed by E. Hubble (1921).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com