Interestingly, a previous study by these authors showed that the smaller form of gE is present on cell surface, recycles through the endocytotic pathway, and is incorporated into virions [28].
Opsonisation is a critical property of protective anti-Candida antibodies [39] and, as shown above, some β-glucan constituents, bound by both the IgG and the IgM mAb, were present on cell wall surface (Figure 1).
Chemokines act through a family of chemokine receptors, which are present on cell types such as leukocytes, dendritic cells and endothelial cells.
We recently demonstrated that variable levels of CXCR4 are present on cell surfaces of different subpopulations of MM cells and that cell surface levels of CXCR4 highly correlate with BTK expression in primary MM cells.
Many of the heparan sulfate PGs are present on cell surfaces as receptors where they bind growth factors and orchestrate their delivery and signal transduction to the cell nucleus [ 41].
The complement system is made up of a series of about 25 proteins, two-thirds of which circulate in the plasma while the remainder are present on cell and tissue surfaces.
Clearly, other mechanisms also explain why S100A8/A9 are present on cell surfaces such as ligand up-regulation and deposition of S100A8/A9 from other sources such as serum or neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), which have a high content of S100A8/A9 [ 45].
Characteristically, CD151 is present on cells juxtaposed with basement membranes and is localized predominantly on the cell surface in contact with this membrane [51].
Whenever occasional staining was present on cells in the mERlow population, its appearance was similar to that seen on mERhigh cells (data not shown).
Primary cilia are immotile due to a lack of axonemal dynein arms and are present on cells throughout the vertebrate body.
