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Based on the maximum As concentration determined in the oxida-tive extractions of the sediments and assuming that the As content of sulfide minerals present in the sediments exceeds 1.3 μmol/g (100 ppm), the lower limit for pyrite,[1] sulfide minerals should be present at less than 0.4% by weight of the sediment.
In total, one-third (31/92) of the genera detected by culture were either not detected using 16S sequencing or detected to be present at less than 1% of the relative abundance within the sample.
There was also geographical variation in estimated CTVT prevalence in Europe; the disease was reported to be absent except for occasional imported cases in many countries of Northern and Western Europe, but was estimated to be present at less than ten percent prevalence in countries in Southern and Eastern Europe (see Additional file 7).
Furthermore, the wide imbalance between the highest and lowest expressed genes (the top 1% genes contribute 27.8% of total mRNA) suggests the majority of mRNAs to be present at less than one copy per cell, consistent with recent reports of heterogeneity between individual cell transcriptomes [ 19].
Given that a particular transcript species could be present at less than one copy per cell, i.e. less than two tags per million (tpm), full transcriptome coverage using tag-based methods can only be guaranteed if libraries containing several times this many tags are fully sequenced.
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XRD cannot detect amorphous solids or minerals that are present at less than 2 wt%.
If sulfur was present in the sample, it is present at less than one part per billion, providing no significant contribution to the particle structure nor role in its bulk material properties.
This method cannot identify a dominant quasispecies sequence, but it can measure the breadth of the quasispecies at each nucleotide position by identifying the positions where the dominant nucleotide is present at less than 80% frequency.
Each trace file was converted into a single sequence file using a script provided by Dr. Art Poon [42] with positions where the dominant nucleotide was present at less than 80% maximum being indicated as polymorphisms.
JA increased more than seven-fold to 391 pmol/g in wounded wild type leaves, but was present at less than 5 pmol/g in untreated controls and the wounded aos mutant (Figure 2B).
Cyclopropane and cyclopropene fatty acids were present at less than 2% in cotton leaf and seed tissues.
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