It is also possible that CD38 may have a different role in immature B vs. mature B lymphocytes, and the same may be postulated for B1 vs. B2 cells.
Various findings provide interesting clues: most DTCs/CTCs are non-proliferating (that is, Ki-67 negative) and resistant to chemotherapy [ 49, 77, 78], and similar characteristics have been postulated for cancer stem cells.
13, 14 Two possible receptors have been postulated for B7-H3 on T cells, one that gives rise to activating signals, 14 whereas the other exerts inhibitory signals.
For transendothelial migration the paracellular route between adjacent cells was postulated for a long time, but in the meanwhile the transcellular route directly through the endothelial cell body has been well documented [ 37, 38].
A pre-GC origin is postulated for a subset of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), cases that show unmutated Ig genes.
Its important role has recently been postulated for striated muscle and myogenic cells.
In addition to neuroendocrine-immune regulation through regulation of blood flow, a direct splenic neuroendocrine modulation has therefor been postulated for lymphocytes, antigen-presenting dendritic cells and macrophages (Fig. 3).
It has instead been suggested that their effects might be a result of local axon sprouting (Yamamoto et al., 2009) rather than the long-range axon regeneration associated with formation of 'bridges' across the lesion site that have been postulated for other types of olfactory cell transplants (Raisman and Li, 2007).
The existence of a stem cell population has been postulated for a long time because of the ability of the mammary gland to go through several cycles of proliferation and involution during pregnancies, and due to the fact that the transplantation of mammary fragments into the fat pad of receiving animals is sufficient to form a mature mammary tree [ 29, 30].
Cerebellar GrC layer gating by Golgi cell network has been postulated for a long time to play a critical role in cerebellar function; however, the absence of experimental tools allowing specific control of the Golgi network during behavior has prevented investigation of this hypothesis.
