A two- to fourfold excess of this linker was optimal to avoid enzyme oligomerization.
The first reaction strictly requires the presence of oxygen, essential for the dioxygenation reaction, while the second one can also be performed in anaerobic conditions that are optimal to avoid the easy oxidation of bioconversion products.
A 10-min incubation period is largely used with Nile red in the literature [ 25, 39, 47, 50, 94]; some authors established that this Nile red incubation time is optimal to avoid fluorescence fading in Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina [ 39, 84].
From a biological standpoint, nanoparticles with diameter size 10-100 nm have been shown to be optimal for avoiding rapid clearance from systemic circulation due to removal by the organs of monoclear phagocytic systems (MPS) or by renal filtration [ 30– 30].
STAR also creates paths that may not be optimal while avoiding loops, such that the total available bandwidth is increased.
This is optimal for avoiding confounding individual differences with differences in the word sets.
Unfortunately, if we directly utilize ĝ for selecting the optimal cluster, it might be impossible to avoid the outlier problem.
Based on observation matrix of a structure׳s frequency response, two optimal criteria are used to avoid the information redundancy of the candidate degrees of freedom.
For networks dominated by long-range spread (as exemplified here by a small-world network with 30% long-range links and by a completely random network), the social distancing breaks down and the optimal solution is to avoid any reaction to the disease, Figure 10 (right column).
"If there is genuine uncertainty about the path of the economy, the optimal policy response may be to avoid the worst outcomes," said Mr Haldane.
