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ADs may be of questionable validity because signatories have a poor understanding of medical care and therefore unwittingly misrepresent their preferences [ 8].
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This meta-analysis used diverse data collated over decades and was of questionable validity.
Now Mazie Hirono releases this committee confidential document where Kavanaugh wrote that government programs targeting Native Hawaiians "as a group" is "of questionable validity under the Constitution" and would be "subject to strict scrutiny" pic.twitter.com/laHJYk7dsX.
The state had a medicinal marijuana law that allowed patients to obtain cards to purchase marijuana legally, but as of March 2010, an average of 1,000 people were applying for the cards each day, and many of the applications were of questionable validity and intent.
Unfortunately, we believe such rankings are of questionable validity.
Independent of these limitations, this study demonstrates that the subject-reported data collected during the PreDHA process is of questionable validity.
105 Taken as a whole, these findings indicate that the MGRS head circumference curves are of questionable validity for global use.
They did use objective measures of masculinity, but their findings were based on self-reported health, which may be confounded with personality and social status variables, and is of questionable validity (Newell et al. 1999; Oshio and Kobayashi 2010).
Some matches are of questionable validity due to inappropriate ICPC-2 PLUS mappings to UMLS concepts, and some mappings are reasonable lexical or concept matches but they are category mismatches.
A study comparing responses from patients, physicians, nurses and significant others found that deviant scores of more than one response category were most often caused by the patients, indicating either that the quality of all proxy-derived information was poor or that patients' responses are of questionable validity [ 27].
While we controlled for respondents' type of arthritis, residual confounding may remain due to the fact that self-reported information on type of arthritis (e.g., OA, rheumatoid arthritis etc). is of questionable validity [ 57– 59] as well, a large proportion of the respondents did not know their type of arthritis (43.2 %).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com