These clinical observations are of major pathophysiological importance, as they highlight the deleterious consequences of OPA1 mutations not only for retinal ganglion cells, whose axons constitute the optic nerve, but also for other central neuronal populations, peripheral nerves and skeletal muscle.
However, that belief over-simplifies this complex disorder, and there are old as well as recent indications that the adaptive immune system is also of major pathophysiological importance in RA, and it may also be an efficient target for RA therapy [ 13, 14].
This pathophysiological cascade is now accepted to be of major relevance for the development of metabolic diseases including type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) [ 88- 93].
Water homeostasis is a crucial element of major pathophysiological processes occurring in the respiratory system.
They also illustrate that increased production of LDL is a major pathophysiological contributor to the profoundly elevated levels of LDL in homozygous FH as indeed has been repeatedly documented [ 4, 9, 11– 11].
Hypoxia is a major pathophysiological trigger of angiogenesis.
When coupled with β-cell dysfunction, IR is a major pathophysiological determinant of dysglycemia (impaired fasting glycemia, IFG, and impaired glucose tolerance, IGT) and T2D [13], [13].
Another difference that might contribute to ethnic variance in insulin secretory capacity could be impaired incretin action, which is a major pathophysiological characteristic of T2DM [ 60– 60].
Progressive destruction of articular structures and chronic inflammation of synovial joints are major pathophysiological outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [ 1].
