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This additional level of variation may be maintained by balancing selection, thereby maximizing the coding potential of the Mup genes two-fold within any individual and permitting even single Mup genes to provide limited species-specific information.
Polymorphisms within the ABS of MHC genes are thought to be maintained by balancing selection imposed by pathogens/parasites.
In populations inhabiting heterogeneous environments, multiple alleles at one enzyme locus may be maintained by balancing selection [ 8- 10].
The high level of polymorphism usually observed in MHC genes is likely to be maintained by balancing selection, driven largely by exposure to a diversity of pathogens [ 9- 11].
Finally, the results of the single locus MK test indicates that a non-immune gene, the MPI locus, deviates from neutral expectations due to an excess of segregating nonsynonymous sites, which might be maintained by balancing selection.
More recently, allelic diversity at the locus encoding the RCR3 protein, guarded by R protein Cf2 has been shown to be maintained by balancing selection in the wild tomato species Solanum peruvianum.
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Here, the authors map this colour polymorphism to a putative regulatory region for follistatin on the Z chromosome and suggest it is maintained by balancing selection.
The present study provides further support to the view that evolution of dominance may be an efficient mechanism to remove unfit heterozygotes that are maintained by balancing selection.
Strains of A. flavus that do not produce aflatoxin (nontoxigenic strains) are fairly common in nature, strongly suggesting that this polymorphism is maintained by balancing selection, i.e., that aflatoxin production may be favored in some environments but selected against in others.
The advantageous mutations approach to genetic fixation under directional selection; the advantageous heterozygotes are maintained by balancing selection; and purifying selection removes the deleterious mutants.
Resting calcium levels were maintained by balancing extrusion with a nonspecific leak current associated with each calcium extruder.
More suggestions(15)
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