Cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity has been linked to ambient air pollution especially fine particles [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], influenza activity [14] public smoking bans [15], [16], and to natural and manmade disasters [17], [18], [19].
Study subjects' ZIP code was linked to ambient air pollution monitors to derive exposures.
If MRS primarily measures nonsynaptic, extracellular GABA concentrations that are linked to ambient levels of tonic inhibition [ 30, 31], then a key issue is to understand factors associated with MRS-GABA increases.
In this setting, there is strong a priori evidence that sun exposure or vitamin D, or both, is likely to be the central exposure 6 and little a priori evidence for any other strong determinant of multiple sclerosis likely to be linked to maternal ambient ultraviolet radiation exposure during the first trimester.
The U.S. EPA's Ozone Criteria Document (U.S. EPA 1996b) and the World Health Organization's recent reports (Anderson et al. 2004) outline numerous health effects known or suspected to be linked to exposure to ambient ozone.
5) How can health responses to ambient PM exposure be linked to specific emission sources and/or source categories?
In the case of physical systems β = 1/ kT is linked to the ambient temperature T; for log-odds scores, β = 1; if the scoring scheme is rescaled, as e.g. in the case of the Dayhoff matrix in protein alignments, then β is the inverse of this scaling factor.
Adverse health effects in individuals of all ages have been linked to exposure to ambient air contaminants (American Academy of Pediatrics 2004; Jerrett et al. 2005; Pope et al. 2004a).
We used data for 2005 from CORPAIRE, which monitors ambient air pollution using accepted methods [ 17, 30] and we assumed that living in a more polluted neighborhood was linked to higher personal exposure to ambient air pollution, a widely accepted assumption [ 6].
Chronic exposure to ambient PM2.5 is linked to increased morbidity and mortality in many epidemiological studies and results in high population burden, making it a large public health concern.
