To rule out artifacts that might be introduced by protein tagging or cell fixation, we co-transfected non-tagged Sec61β, ER-DsRed and mEmerald-Ensconsin (microtubule binding protein) into COS-7 cells.
In order to reduce artifacts which may be introduced by directly applying (22), the spectral gain G k,ℓ) in (17) is restricted to values larger than a spectral floor G min (cf. Section 5.2), i.e., G k,ell) = maxleft tilde{G} k,ell), G_{text{min}} right).
Additional error is introduced by freezing artifacts, which are difficult to avoid, and non-specific background signal.
Since virtually all of the large peaks identified from libraries prepared by the double fragmentation method do overlap nicely with the ChIP-chip dataset, we can conclude that no major artifacts are introduced by the double fragmentation procedure.
A comparison of the cellular and fibrillar structure of TEBs and the surrounding stroma was performed in live and whole mount tissue to determine whether major artifacts are introduced by whole mount preparation.
These observations conform to those noted by the operator at the actual time of the analysis, so no artifacts have been introduced by the photographic process.
There was no evidence, they said, that the dirt-encrusted artifact could have been introduced by rodents or water seepage, or by a hoaxer straight from the antiquities market.
Technical limitations have to be considered, including signal noise and artifact that may have been introduced by the recording technique and exaggerated by the short sampling duration.
