Historically, two models have been proposed to be responsible for proton conduction in M2, a water-wire or Grotthuss model and a shuttle model (transporter model), which may or may not involve a hydrogen-bonded dimer as an intermediate that could be integral to its function.
Cruel and unusual punishments involving flogging and mutilation may have been abolished in many countries, but, along with unprecedented levels of mass incarceration, the practice of torture seems to be integral to the functioning of the world's most advanced state.
Exceptions to the tendency to bind low energy conformations are found in carbohydrate-processing enzymes, in which ligand distortion in the active site may be integral to the enzyme's function (Karaveg and Moremen 2005).
The DLPFC, a broad swath of neural tissue on the forebrain surface, has been shown in animal studies and in observations of brain-damaged patients to be integral to high-level executive functions in the brain, such as planning, prioritizing and avoiding distractions.
As we have also suggested, certain characteristic features of psychosocial functioning may be integral to the TRD disorder.
These functions may be integral to an understanding of the reciprocal influences of lipid membrane composition on pathological α-syn aggregation as discussed below.
Time- and temperature-dependent dynamics of domain fluctuations have been demonstrated in protein kinases and human estrogen receptors and are likely to be integral to the structure function relationship of many other proteins.
Magnesium is integral to the function of adenosine triphosphate and plays a role in a host of enzymatic reactions and transport processes, and in the synthesis of proteins, DNA and RNA.
Because magazines are integral to the function of a firearm, they are covered by the Second Amendment.
But the shoes' sleek exterior belies both their complex construction and the meticulous preparatory ritual that are integral to their function.
Tissue interfaces are integral to the function of many tissues and for the synchronous interaction amongst tissues to create a functional whole organism.
