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The differentiation of stem cells can be induced by multiple factors including physical, chemical and biological cues.
In engineering applications, ship machinery vibration may be induced by multiple rotational machines sharing a common vibration isolation platform and operating at the same time, and multiple sinusoidal components may be excited.
Inclusion formation could be induced by multiple different types of stresses, including arsenite, nutrient deprivation or puromycin.
The data presented on Figure 6 suggests that immune responses in HSC recipient animals may be induced by multiple cell lineages.
Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, can be induced by multiple cell signaling mechanisms [ 21].
Alterations in renal hemodynamics may be induced by multiple factors in critically ill patients.
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Based on a cluster analysis, we found that some of these families were induced by multiple similar stress treatments.
Zhu, J. et al. The transcription factor T-bet is induced by multiple pathways and prevents an endogenous Th2 cell program during Th1 cell responses.
CFSs are extended over hundreds of kilobases and their instability is induced by multiple mechanisms such as paucity of replication origins, fork stalling at AT-rich DNA sequences, late replication timing, and collision of replication and transcription, which are all associated with perturbation of DNA replication5,44.
Of these, the TSA encoded by LOC_Os07g08430 is induced by multiple pathogens whereas the TSA encoded by LOC_Os03g58300 is preferentially induced by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae and the parasite Striga.
A MAPK gene, OsMAP1 (also named OsMAPK5, OsMSRMK2, OsMAPK2, and OsBIMK1), is induced by multiple biotic and abiotic stresses such as pathogen infection, low temperature, salinity, drought, and ABA [4, 61, 159 , 178 182].
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