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MHC DRA was found to be functionally monomorphic in the 32 individuals screened; whereas DRB exon 2 revealed 66 unique alleles among the 246 individuals screened.
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The nucleotide substitutions between the alleles were synonymous and translated into a single amino acid sequence indicating that DRA exon 3 is functionally monomorphic in raccoons; therefore no further analyses were performed using this marker.
We determined that DRA exon 3 in raccoons is functionally monomorphic based on identical amino acid sequences of the three alleles.
The TAP transporter pumps peptides from the cytoplasm to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum for loading nascent class I molecules, and in typical mammals is functionally monomorphic, pumping a wide variety of peptides for all members of the polymorphic class I multigene family.
It might not be immediately apparent whether such an explanation could account for the differences in peptide repertoire and cell surface expression of human class I molecules, since human TAPs and tapasin are functionally monomorphic.
This SNP was found to be monomorphic in our population and was further not analysed.
A total of 180,859 SNPs were observed to be monomorphic in the Japanese population.
Notably, locus Lpu15 was found to be monomorphic in varieties pumila and lanceolata.
Almost half of those scored were shown to be monomorphic in the 5 related species.
Among them, most species are functionally distylous, but some are intramorphically compatible, and others monomorphic.
In this way, they are functionally identical.
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