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Controlling for individual characteristics, women were more likely to be frail compared to men (OR = 1.39, 95 % CI: 1.23 1.56).
Individuals who triggered the Institutional Risk CAP were much more likely to be frail compared to those who did not (OR = 9.19, 95 % CI: 7.47 11.31).
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Caregivers who reported that they were unable to continue caring had higher odds of caring for an individual who was frail compared to caregivers who did not report that they were unable to care (OR = 1.86, 95 % CI: 1.55 2.22).
The MRC men, whose scores also increased with age, were less frail compared to the women (median scores -0.811 vs. 0.132).
The distribution of frailty in BWHHS women and both men and women of the MRC assessment study, by age group and sex show that the BWHHS women (ages ranged from 60 to 79 years) in the older age group (over 75 years) had higher frailty scores i.e. were more frail compared to the younger age group (median scores 0.015 vs. 0.276).
The BWHHS study respondents were those who were able to attend the interview and medical examination at baseline suggests that they were relatively less frail compared to non-responders.
An adjusted multinomial logistic regression model was developed to determine adjusted odds ratios of frailty (pre-frail or frail compared to non-frail) and individual characteristics (listed above).
Bivariate multinomial logistic regression models were completed to calculate odds ratios and 95%% confidence intervals to report the odds of frailty (pre-frail or frail compared to non-frail), by individual characteristics.
A statistically significantly higher proportion of nursing home patients (96%) were assessed as being frail, when compared to sheltered housing residents (78%) (p < 0.001).
The unadjusted risk of functional disability was greatest among frail, and to a lesser extent pre-frail compared to non-frail individuals.
Participant characteristics among those misclassified as intermediately frail or frail were compared to those correctly classified as non-frail using Fisher's exact test for categorical variables, t-tests for pseudonormally distributed continuous variables, or Hodges-Lehmann's test for equal medians for non-normally distributed continuous variables.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com