Part of the increased concentrate consumption can be explained by the replacement of indigenous cows with cross-bred cows, especially in Ethiopia, where concentrate differences are smaller and the breed replacement stronger.
The width of the voltammetric peaks corresponding to these transitions can be used to estimate the effective lateral interactions between the adsorbates involved, where effectively attractive interactions may often be explained by a replacement reaction.
A subsequent reduction in the N e of this YFV genotype was observed between 1985 and 2010 that seems to be explained by the replacement of old-lineages by a modern-lineage with a much lower N e and by the confounding effect of geographic population subdivision as consequence of the more frequent sampling of epidemiologically linked sequences from recent YFV outbreaks20, 21.
Since these genes are distributed widely across the genome, the differences to CC1 strains cannot readily be explained by chromosomal replacement as previously observed for ST34 and ST239 [170].
Interestingly, the substrate H-Gly-His-Arg-AMC yielded a Ki value of about 20 μM for Zn2+, with a residual activity of 25% even at 100 μM [144] which can be explained by a replacement of His57 in the Zn2+ coordination sphere with the P2-His Nɛ2 or by a "substrate-assisted catalysis" mechanism.
The high sequence divergence between the adenylation domains of mcyB1 in these two strains and other mcyB1 adenylation domain sequences included in this study (Table 1) could be explained by two independent replacement events involving a non-homologous adenylation domain from another peptide synthetase gene cluster.
Although this variation could be explained by isotopic gene replacement via horizontal transfer of a gene with the same function but coming from a variety of sources, it seems more likely that the very high sequence variation observed at this locus is the result of a strong selection pressure exerted on the corresponding gene product.
Although this variability could be explained by isotopic gene replacement via horizontal transfer of a gene with the same function but coming from a variety of sources, it seems more likely that the very high sequence variation observed at this locus is the result of a strong selection pressure exerted on the corresponding gene product.
Instead, an increase in solubility was observed experimentally [ 11] which can be explained by the structural context: replacement of solvent- accessible phenylalanines increased polarity of the proteins surface and thus its solubility.
