A large confidence interval implies that large variations in the results should be expected, as in the stochastic case.
In particular, the variability in retrotransposition frequency seen among independent transformants with identical constructs is quite high, and appears to be higher than might be expected simply due to stochastic variation.
We have used a fairly simple stochastic model to predict, to 2009, the evolutionary trajectory for the incidence of transmitted resistance that is to be expected to occur in Botswana as a result of the government's treatment plan.
In general, the heritability of fitness might be expected to be higher in captivity than in the wild, due to the lower environmental variability in captivity and importantly, the absence of primarily stochastic nest predation.
The bimodality of these distributions is a qualitative difference from distributions considered in detail at the individual level [50], [51] and therefore can be expected to lead to very different stochastic invasion and persistence properties.
This can also be expected to be present in label uptake, for example because the local concentrations of label molecules are exposed to stochastic fluctuations.
Such changes in behavior could logically be presumed to increase the feeding efficiency in a situation where food availability is stochastic, and would therefore be expected to increase the fitness of an animal in such an environment.
Assessment in multiple, independent samples, as we perform here, provides the best control for stochastic differences in haplotype frequencies that might be expected, by chance, between any single case and control samples.
Both highly genetically diverse starting populations and the multiple bean plants used during selection (which can be expected to experience various levels of belowground interactions; as such averaging stochastic changes in plant quality) render this setup valid.
Even though we anticipate that stochasticity will generate cell-to-cell variability, the coefficient of variation (cv = standard deviation/mean ∼1) in Figure 6A appears much greater than is expected from stochastic simulations of the LuxI/LuxR system.
