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The interfacial conductances must be known and these can be estimated by testing samples of different thickness.
We did not estimate the proportion of those who had ever been infected in Libya, which can be estimated by testing for serum anti-HBc antibodies.
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Weight loss was estimated by testing the weight changes of litchi fruits during storage, and the weight loss rate was calculated by the percentage of initial weight.
The DOA of each incoming wideband signal source is estimated by testing the orthogonality between the steering vector and the noise subspaces.
In cases of mice jointly infected with deletion mutant and wild type H. pylori strains, the relative abundance of each strain was estimated by testing ≥20 single colonies per mouse for resistance to chloramphenicol or kanamycin, as appropriate.
Global methylation was estimated by testing methylation level of LINE1 repetitive elements.
Human papillomavirus prevalence was estimated by testing 909 consecutive unselected samples.
Global methylation was estimated by testing methylation levels of LINE1 repetitive elements [ 25].
In the first step, the skeleton and the v-structures of the CPDAG are estimated by testing for conditional independence.
Demographic and behavioral data were collected through a standardized questionnaire, and HIV prevalence was estimated by testing dried blood spots (DBS) with two enzyme immunoassays.
The prevalence of HPV infection in the study population was estimated by testing a subset of 10% of unselected consecutive cases.
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