Studies conducted in the United States using randomised designs indicate that PFIs are efficacious for reducing various aspects of alcohol use and/or related negative consequences for both high-risk volunteer and mandated college students.
14 Additionally, the finding that the WHC intervention in this region was efficacious for reducing biologically measured drug use in an impoverished and very violent area is noteworthy.
Certain therapeutic approaches have been efficacious for reducing BP in subjects with hypertension: transcendental meditation (TM) (a single-component, individualised therapy), cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (a multicomponent, individualised therapy) and, more recently, contemplative meditation 12 (a multicomponent, group therapy).
Multiple psychosocial treatments have been found to be efficacious for alcohol problems in groups who do not have a dual diagnosis, 42 and brief motivational interventions have been found to reduce alcohol consumption even in groups not seeking treatment.
Thus, TPM might be efficacious for treating METH dependence [ 22].
Various antimicrobial agents have been shown to be efficacious in reducing the risk for infection, including vancomycin heparin and vancomycin ciprofloxacin heparin solutions [ 42, 44].
Phase II trials showed that RTS,S was efficacious for at least 18 months in reducing clinical malaria by 35percentt, and severe malaria by 49percentt [ 38, 39].
Similarly, IPT for adolescents has been found to be efficacious in reducing depressive symptoms in Latino adolescents (Rossello & Bernal, 1999; Rossello, Bernal, & Rivera-Medina, 2008).
Brief interventions (BI) for alcohol use have been shown to be efficacious in reducing unhealthy alcohol use in primary care settings in the US and Europe [ 41].
SGLT2 inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (4, 12– 14) and have proven to be efficacious in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (12– 16).
