"The rise in inequality seems to be driven by gains at the upper end of the income spectrum and declines in the middle class," notes Business Week.
At a molecular level, that model of tumorigenesis suggests that progression to a cancerous phenotype can be driven by gain-of-function in growth-promoting oncogenes and/or loss-of-function in growth inhibitory tumor suppressor genes within somatic cells (a third class of "stability" genes are also a contributor to tumorigenesis [ 2] but are not considered in this paper).
In agreement with the hypothesis that reversion of mutations is driven by gain of fitness, Li et al. observed that reverting mutations preferentially arose within highly conserved residues and suggested that the severity of fitness loss associated with CTL escape mutations, so the strength of back selection, determines the kinetics by which escape mutations and reversions occur [38].
The increase in operating income was driven by gains from fixed-annuity sales, a financial instrument that guarantees a fixed rate of return.
Software and several hardware segments had stronger sales than many analysts had predicted, but I.B.M. said the performance was driven by gains in market share in many cases, not overall increases in demand.
Expansion in the second quarter — faster than the annualized growth rate in the first quarter of 1.1 percent — was driven by gains in consumer spending, exports, private inventory investment, nonresidential fixed investment and residential fixed investment.
Though the unemployment rate continues to fall, that's being driven by gains in counties that voted for Clinton, with "Trump country" still suffering more than its share of job losses.
Rains said that Kevin V. Ryan, the United States attorney for the Northern District of California, seemed obsessed with the Balco case, and suggested that law enforcement might be driven by personal gain, publicity or "runaway egos".
When I pushed him on this, he clarified that it wasn't the people of Marvel who were greedy, it was simply in the nature of the corporate comics system to be driven by financial gain over a love of the art.
The counterintuitive selection for low activity COMT haplotypes may be driven by a gain of cognitive function, for example, related to increased catecholamine levels.
For example, the counterintuitive selection for low activity COMT haplotypes associated with high pain, anxiety, and stress response may be driven by a gain of cognitive function related to higher dopamine and norepinephrine levels.
