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But these viruses seem to be dependent on midges to infect humans and are not known to be directly transmitted from infected farm animals.
A large amount of O 2 ·− in cell wall may limit the pathogen invasion that can be directly transmitted from aphid saliva during its penetration into plant tissues (Capinera 2001).
While some AIV can be directly transmitted from wild birds to domestic birds and/or mammals [3], [4], [5], AIV strains may also recombine with mammalian-derived influenza strains, producing recombinant influenza viruses capable of causing disease in humans, and other species [4], [5], [6].
For these tick-borne groups, the bacteria could be directly transmitted from aquatic protists to ticks.
These new pathogens can be directly transmitted from infected birds to the species of the local fauna.
Several zoonotic agents can be directly transmitted from wildlife to humans, e.g., Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, can be transmitted by skin contact with an infected, diseased, or dead hare or rodent.
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These viruses, which have been directly transmitted from chickens to humans, contain only avian genes and are highly pathogenic in humans, causing a mortality rate higher than 50percentt.
The heat transferred through the Al2O3 layer by lattice vibration (phonons), which is directly transmitted from high to low temperature regions.
Fülöp and Dubina suggested that the ideal configuration of the corners would be such that the uplift force is directly transmitted from the brace or corner stud to the anchoring bolt, without inducing bending in the bottom track.
The study disproves the assumption that Sars cannot be directly transmitted to humans, he says.
Second, the pathogen must be directly transmitted between humans.
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