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It can be directly measured using lysimeters.
The variables which characterize the quality of the final product in CSTR are often difficult to measure in real-time and cannot be directly measured using the feedback configuration.
This can be directly measured using the moving traverse method or calculated from the nine fixed-point velocity readings of the fixed-point traverse method.
Since the workload cannot be directly measured using only sensor data from smartphones, we use other variables that provide implicit indicators of workload as confounding variables, such as the time that students spend at home and university and their deadlines.
Action potential firing cannot be directly measured using the recording techniques employed in the current study.
Values for the transgression potential, τ, remain elusive because this quantity cannot be directly measured using molecular techniques.
Similar(51)
Tensile force is directly measured using a miniature load cell.
Laminar burning velocities with and without O3 were directly measured using the Heat Flux method.
The spring constants were directly measured using an electromagnetic force-feedback balance with a force resolution of about 0.2 μN.
The entrainment of a turbulent jet in coflow, with and without reaction, is directly measured using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV).
This is the highest optical gap reported in literature for ta-C and was directly measured using photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry.
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