Average path losses λ n, n = 1, 2,..., N, are determined numerically using (5) and are summarized in Table 1.
The normalized energy release rate f and its maximum f * are determined numerically using finite element method.
The common frequency of vibration of the structure is determined numerically using a finite difference method.
The load/unload behavior of the two slider types is determined numerically using a finite element air bearing simulator.
The keff of Li2TiO3 pebble beds under stagnant helium gas have been determined numerically using different uniform packing structures and random close packing (RCP) structures.
The optimization of the variable louver angle and initial louver angle (θi) for a louvered-fin heat exchanger was determined numerically using the conjugate gradient method.
The effects of the internal pressure, foundation stiffness, and foundation shear modulus on the first four frequencies and modes are determined numerically using a shooting method.
Steady states were determined numerically using the statistical software package R (www.r-project.org, function "uniroot" in package "stats").
The values of θ, Y x/s and γ for the constructs pP1- SD -hIFNγ, pP1- SD -hIFNγγ and pP1- SD -hIFNγγ, and the expP1- 4SD -hIFNγe pP1- 4SD -hIFNγD)-hIFNγ were determined numerically using expP1- 4SD -hIFNγ obtanded from continuous cultivations.
Because we use a single adjustment parameter x, the value of this parameter can be determined numerically based on the desired life expectancy in 2050.
