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The uncertainties can be described using random fuzzy mappings.
Scalar values can be modeled using random variables (RVs), e.g. static load; time variant quantities can be represented using stochastic processes, e.g., wind speed or earthquake excitation; space variant quantities can be described using random fields, e.g. material properties in a solid.
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The differences between individual parameters were described using random effects, which were assumed to be normally distributed with mean zero.
The random variables will be described using distributions [19].
Results are described using the random effects approach due to the heterogeneity of the included studies.
This variation was described using an auxiliary random field Y: (15) α = 10 - Y 1 where Y 1 is a one-dimensional Gaussian random field, its mean is equal to −4.4 and its standard deviation is equal to 0.75.
The repair of articular cartilage defects in lesions of the knee has also been described using a nonwoven structure with random fibre orientation into which repair tissue grows to provide a load-bearing surface.
Conventionally the change of longitudinal data is described using linear mixed models with random coefficients [ 31].
An adaptive design for a clinical trial with prognostic factors and more than two treatments is described using a generalised urn model in a random environment.
Random residual error was described using an additive model.
The uncertainties characterize the individual feature of the decisions of the agents involved in different economic activities, and they can be described by using random fuzzy mappings.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com