The museum has been created by excavating a giant hole in the sandstone bluffs of Moorilla.
The rail yards are gone, replaced in part by a vast, upscale shopping mall, in part by several new hotels, and, most strikingly, by the elegant Waterplace Park, an area of greens and stone promenades and canals that was created by excavating three long-buried rivers and rerouting them to wind — complete with bobbing gondolas — through the heart of the city.
Sometimes a wall is created by driving interlocking steel sheet piling into the ground, excavating on the basement side, and pouring a concrete wall against it.
The caves were created by natural fractures in the cap, and the gold mines were excavated by prospectors searching for gold in the 19th century.
The device, which was found in a shipwreck near Crete, has drawn considerable speculation since it was excavated in 1901, with some historians postulating it may have even been created by the famed Greek scientist Archimedes.
Around the corner, a balcony looks down into a dirt bowl, created by excavating the floor of the barn.
50 trenches were excavated in a herringbone pattern outside the buildings, each 50 m long and 1.80 m wide (194 by 5.9 ft), and six trenches of varying dimensions were created inside the chapel.
Most subsurface drains are constructed by excavating a trench, installing a tile, and backfilling the trench.
Another lounge will be gained by fully excavating the basement, in some places through bedrock.
A collection of Roman coins has been unearthed by archaeologists excavating a former barracks in Colchester.
