This process, called gating, is controlled through phosphorylation and protonation of specific, also highly conserved residues20,21,22,23,24.
The activity of the typical I κBs is controlled through phosphorylation by upstream I κB kinases (IKKs).
We were interested to see if Hts-mediated regulation of Dlg postsynaptic targeting was controlled through phosphorylation of the MARCKS-homology domain.
The activity of a MAPK in cells is controlled through phosphorylation activation by its upstream kinases, MAPKK and MAPKKK, and dephosphorylation inactivation by its negative regulator, MAPK phosphatase/s.
Phosphorylation is thought to be a key regulatory mechanism for DUBs, as was demonstrated by a recent study of the human deubiquitinase DUBA being controlled through phosphorylation at S177 by casein kinase (CK2), and USP25 has been reported as a Syk substrate.
As MCAK binding to MT plus-ends is controlled through direct phosphorylation by Aurora B and inhibition of Aurora B eliminates the spatial distribution of MCAK, these results indicate that the observed spatially restricted localization of MCAK is the consequence of localized Aurora B kinase activity.
At the protein level, eIF4E activity is controlled through an activating phosphorylation at serine 209, as well as through inhibitory interactions with the eIF4E-binding proteins (4EBPs; Gingras et al, 1998; Topisirovic et al, 2004).
Longer-term adaptive effects are controlled through transcription factors such as FOXO, which is deactivated (via cytoplasmic translocation) by Akt-mediated phosphorylation when IS is active [ 3].
Moreover, the modification of the kinetic rates of the motor cycle could be controlled in vivo through phosphorylation of the myosin light chains (Tan et. al. 1992; DeBiasio et. al. 1996; Matsumura et. al. 2001) and possibly allows the behavior observed in vitro to occur at the higher ATP concentrations found in vivo.
Src kinase activity is tightly controlled through phosphorylation at two regulatory sites, Tyr 416 and Tyr 527 (chicken c-Src numbering) [2].
