In the process of turning X into Y, the relationships are continuously estimated, and operators suitable for these relationships are found.
If the servo readers are not positioned over a servo band, the distance between servo readers and servo band can thereby be continuously estimated by identifying the data reader detecting the presence of a servo signal.
In a mobile environment, i.e., either the transmitter, the receiver or the transmission medium itself is mobile, the channel has to be continuously estimated.
Pulse contour analysis of cardiac output is based on the principles that stroke volume can be continuously estimated by analyzing the arterial pressure waveform obtained from an arterial line.
Pulse pressure analysis is based on the principle that SV can be continuously estimated by analyzing the arterial pressure waveform obtained from an arterial line.
The basic physiological principle of these techniques is that changes in arterial pulse pressure relate directly to changes in stroke volume (SV); thus, changes in CO can be continuously estimated from analysis of the arterial waveform.
The GB model parameters are dependant on the plant operating point and therefore are continuously estimated.
A novel method for active early fault detection is presented based on encoding faults into a parametric dynamic cell model, where parameters are continuously estimated under the influence of an auxiliary test signal designed to optimize parametric sensitivity.
The cardiac output was continuously estimated with the thermal dilution technique (Vigilance; Baxter Edwards CrIrvine, CAe, Irvine, CA, USA).
Cardiac output is continuously estimated using skin electrodes (BioZ®, CardioDynamics, San Diego, USA) or electrodes mounted on an endotracheal tube (ECOM™, Conmed Corp, Utica, USA) by analyzing the occurring signal variation with different mathematical models.
