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Initially developed in the context of dye-sensitized solar cell research, metal-halide perovskite devices now reach efficiency values and hence need to be compared to more conventional photovoltaic technologies such as silicon, copper indium gallium diselenide and cadmium telluride.
A number of gene transfer studies have been designed as phase I/II studies because the gene transfer procedure has already been demonstrated to have some therapeutic effect, and in such studies the benefits of the gene transfer are to be compared to more traditional therapy in only a small number of patients.
The specific settings we used in the derivation of the SNCD-based exposure guideline were selected primarily as a result of such considerations; that is, using these settings, the SNCD concept can be compared to more standard BMD and NOAEL approaches at the level of the human exposure guideline in a calibrated manner, providing a starting point for further discussion.
Thus, one of the most valuable outcomes of the biodiversity survey approach of collecting and characterizing all non-marine macroalgae from a geographical region is that it allows multi-taxon large scale comparisons that can be compared to more accurately assess taxonomy and infer broader distributional patterns.
The pathogenicity of isolates collected in natural ecosystems on the wild apple M. sieversii (WildAsiaSiev) can be compared to more recently founded pathogen populations from the agro-ecosystem to draw inferences on the evolutionary changes associated with the emergence and spread of V. inaequalis on the domesticated apple.
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The actual molecular weight is usually overestimated when polystyrene is compared to more rigid polymers31, 32.
A STAMP accident analysis is presented and its usefulness in evaluating system safety is compared to more traditional risk models.
The economic dispatch strategy is compared to more traditional dispatch strategies to demonstrate its effectiveness in reducing total energy costs.
In the second example, the standard countercurrent design of multistage melt crystallization is compared to more general configurations described by a superstructure.
Using the same sample, OCT imaging of composite impact damage is compared to more traditional techniques, X-ray computed tomography and confocal microscopy.
Further, recent developments in seatbacks have introduced new designs into the field that have not been compared to more traditional designs.
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