Little functional data is available for intestinal T cells and their gene expression patterns have never been characterised at a transcriptional level in healthy humans.
Biological insight into human immunocytes has been dominated by studies in peripheral blood, and T cell populations in the healthy human intestine have never been characterised at a transcriptional level.
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a key feature of tumour infiltration and metastasis that is characterised at a molecular level by the expression of mesenchymal markers, such as vimentin, and the downregulation of epithelial differentiation markers, such as E-cadherin (Kalluri and Weinberg, 2009).
These properties can be characterised at each position along the cochlea by a complex wavenumber; the real part determines the wave speed and the imaginary part determines the spatial attenuation of the wave.
Toughened adhesives are elastic plastic materials whose behaviour can be characterised at large strains by plasticity theory.
Recently, the interaction site of Syt I and Syt-II was located near the ganglioside binding pocket within the Hcc-domain of BoNT/B and G. Furthermore, the BoNT/B Syt II interaction could be characterised at the atomic level.
The recognition that social status can be characterised at the level of the gene is very relevant given the manifold effects of social status on physiology.
Biosamples include venous blood, faeces, urine and nail clippings, which, among other biochemical analyses, will be characterised at genetic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, proteomic and metagenomic levels.
The rose comb and polled discoveries listed in Table 2 are notable also because they represent the last of the six original Mendelian traits reported by Bateson (1902) and Bateson & Saunders (1902) to be characterised at the molecular level.
The most interesting, however, may be the proteins whose functions have not yet been characterised at all.
