The ML estimate is calculated by maximizing Equation 4. We generate an estimate for I j given α j by taking logarithms of Equation 4, differentiating w.r.t I j in each color component separately and setting the result to zero.
Optimal cutoff values were calculated by maximizing the Youden index (J = sensitivity + specificity −1).
This range was calculated by maximizing and minimizing the extreme pathway weighting factors, resulting in the so called α-spectrum.
Instead, the reference state flux values are calculated by maximizing each reaction subject to a set of measured untreated control data reported in [ 27].
From this input the flux distributions corresponding to optimal growth are calculated by maximizing the flux of the reaction leading to biomass.
The canonical discriminant functions are calculated by maximizing a fraction, the projection of a linear function of the variance covariance matrix of between groups to that of the variance covariance matrix within the groups, i.e. maximizing the separation of the groups.
Based on the α-spectrum [ 10], the allowable solution space of the EMCs is calculated by maximizing or minimizing each EMC in a given steady-state flux distribution as follows: for j = 1, 2,..., m Maximize λ j, subject to v = P·c, λ j ≥ 0 (j = 1, 2,..., m ), for j = 1, 2,..., m Minimize λ j, subject to v = P·c, λ j ≥ 0 (j = 1, 2,..., m ).
In the GCC-based method, the time delay is calculated by finding a lag that maximizes the GCC function between acquired signals.
