The PL property of GQDs-1 was attributed to defect state emission into intrinsic state emission.
The enhanced photocatalytic activity and photoluminescent properties were attributed to defect induced band gap engineered CeO2 NPs.
In the paper, the author ascribed the increase in conductivity to a substitutional activation of Ga in the Ge nanowires; the conductivity decrease at high doses is attributed to defect generation and, finally, amorphization.
However, the low-energy PL peak may be attributed to defects.
As for area '3', there are several dark spots marked by a circle on both subcells, which might be attributed to defects penetrating through all three subcells, such as threading dislocations.
Analysis shows that premature fatigue crack initiation in the components can be attributed to defects of various types introduced mostly inadvertently in various stages of component design, manufacture, maintenance, inspection, operation etc.
Indeed, only a small portion of these developmental aberrations can be attributed to defects in the synthesis of testosterone or adrenal steroid hormones, receptor alterations, exogenous modifiers or obvious numerical and structural chromosomal alterations, such as Klinefelter syndrome.
The disruption in growth could be attributed to defects in CPCs that contribute to the OFT and RV.
Majority, if not all, of these abnormalities could be attributed to defects in the regulation of calcium homeostasis.
In such instances, the clinical overlap can be attributed to defects in individual genes that render the entire module dysfunctional.
