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We estimated that 12% of the gallbladder cancer cases among men and 30% among women could be attributable to excess body weight (BMI ⩾25 kg m−2).
We estimated that 28% of liver cancer cases among men and 27% among women could be attributable to excess body weight (BMI⩾25 kg m−2).
6 It is estimated that 86% of malignant melanoma cases in the UK can be attributable to excess exposure to UV radiation (male=90%, female=82%), and that these proportions are 'very much greater at younger ages'.
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The overall under-5 mortality rate was 147 deaths per 1,000 live births (95% C.I. 141 153) and between clusters was associated with increased P. falciparum prevalence; based on the population attributable fraction, 26,488 yearly under-5 deaths were attributable to excess malaria transmission.
Globally, 481000 cancers in 2012 (3.6% of all adult cancers) were attributable to excess body mass index (18).
An estimated 25 30% of medical costs incurred by employers are attributable to excess risk associated with specific factors, including overweight, heart disease, lipid disorders, diabetes and hypertension, among others.
By using lower cut off values to define the reference BMI category -as used in other studies [ 21]-, the proportions of all cases of DM in the population that are attributable to excess weight increased to 58%95%5% CI: 56%60%%) for a BMI cut off set at ≥ 24 kg/m2 and to 73%71%74%74%) for a BMI cut off set at ≥23 kg/m.
This may be ascribed to the Volta region being one of the most endowed in terms of number of hospitals per population and the low levels of efficiency may thus be attributable to the excess capacity of hospitals, low outpatient department attendance and low occupancy rates.
The authors hypothesised that this might be attributable to an observed excess of cancers in the intervention arm, possibly due to over diagnosis in this age group, or the existence of a subgroup of women with a long sojourn time.
This accumulation of aggregates might be attributable to either an excess of ubiquitinated proteins, which overwhelm the degradation capacity of the proteasome, or the inability of ubiquitinated proteins to enter the proteasome cavity.
It may be inferred that treatment-seeking status in overweight or obese children and adolescents is associated with impaired HRQoL, but associations seem more manifest in obese than in overweight samples and may to a great extent be attributable to higher or extreme excess of weight in clinical samples.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com