Electrical resistivity of composites measured parallel to the direction of aligned CNFs (containing up to 4.5 wt.% O-CNFs and A-CNFs) were found to be approximately three orders of magnitude lower than composites with non-aligned CNFs.
To compare the permeability with respect to air and water, the water permeability kw was calculated based on the estimated Kw and was found to be approximately three orders of magnitude smaller than the corresponding ka for waste at the same layer.
Although the EO-side chain to Li-sulfonate molar ratio was chosen so that O/Li+≈25, the dc conductivity of such a material was found to be approximately two orders of magnitude lower than in a PPP EO 5/6-Lithium-triflate blend with the same O/Li+ ratio.
However, under the selective pressure provided by antimalarial treatment and particularly in the presence of hyperparasitaemia, the probability of resistance emerging in the blood stage of the parasite can be approximately five orders of magnitude higher than in the absence of drugs.
Degradation using a 40 W UV-A lamp was approximately four orders of magnitude larger than with a 34 W fluorescent lamp.
Carbon nanotubes exhibit faster phonon transport than diamond, which was previously recognized as the best thermal conductor, and the electric current-carrying capacity of nanotubes is approximately four orders of magnitude higher than that of copper.
The diffusivity was approximately four orders of magnitude lower than that of the polymer substrate and, surprisingly, the solubility was higher than that of the polypropylene film.
Interestingly, the GD1a hexasaccharide is a poor inhibitor of cell infection (IC50=0.7 m m),[ 4] in contrast to ME0322, which is approximately four orders of magnitude more potent.
In an assay based on TNFα-induced killing of L929 mouse fibroblasts, the active fraction of AZD9773 had a Ki of 4pM, which is approximately four orders of magnitude more potent than the average binding affinity.
In the present study, we show that although AZD9773 has a modest affinity for TNFα in a binding assay, the K i in a cell-based assay is approximately four orders of magnitude lower.
