It has been derived that the time period of the k-th mutation is given by (1) t k = k ln s u d 2 2 s ln N where s is the advantageous selection coefficient, u the rate of driver mutations, d the number of sensitively mutated genes, k the number of susceptible genes (potential drivers), and N is the size of cell population.
If the new splice variant is advantageous, selection might operate to optimize the new splice sites and consequently increase the proportion of the alternative splice variant (Schmitz and Brosius, 2011).
In the simulation of constant positive selection, each mutation had a 10% chance to be advantageous, and advantageous mutants had a selective advantage s of 0.01 relative to their parent's fitness.
This is an extremely advantageous mutation, with a selection coefficient of s=11.271.
An excess of non-synonymous substitutions over synonymous substitutions (dN > dS) might indicate positive selection, suggesting that the replacement might be advantageous, while negative selection results from the scarcity of non-synonymous substitutions (dN < dS), indicating that a particular mutation most likely is deleterious and is being removed from the gene pool.
Still other features, like the long, gaudy tails of peacocks, may be advantageous via sexual selection yet maladaptive in the broader arena of natural selection.
Dosage compensation is expected to be advantageous during natural selection.
We postulate that scFv phagemid library formats with short linkers (i.e. multimeric scFvs) may, in general, be advantageous in selections for the generation of scFvs against carbohydrate epitopes or other epitopes associated with low intrinsic affinity per binding site), and expect that they will be superior in applications for diagnosis or therapy.
Gambling would perhaps be a lot more advantageous.
If the pan-genome were very large and all new genes were advantageous, then selection would cause genomes to get larger and larger.
