This industry uses composites in an environment, which is both demanding in terms of operating conditions and competitive, given that there are alternative material systems that can be used for most duties.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), allotropes of carbon, have been shown to be promising alternative materials for MFC electrodes because of their unique electrical conductivity, chemical stability, biocompatibility, high specific area and also catalytic properties [36].
Results show that composites can be the alternative materials for biomedical applications.
Lead and tungsten are potential alternative materials for shielding reactor ex-core components with high 16N activity when available space limits application of concrete.
Among the range of complex oxides, Aurivillius phases are good alternative materials for solving the wide band gap problem.
It is suggested that molybdenum-doped BLT could be an alternative material for potential applications in electronic industries which require a lead-free material having large remanent polarization and lower processing temperatures.
From the strength properties of view, it was concluded that RCCs produced and tested could be an alternative material for road paving or large floors construction.
We have engineered a flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) composite which has the similar mechanical properties as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and therefore may prove to be an alternative material for cable sheathing.
We compare the absorbing efficiency of tungsten nanosphere absorber with absorbers consisting of the other metal nanoparticles and conclude that iron can be an alternative material for tungsten in solar energy systems for its excellent absorbing performance and the similar optical properties as tungsten.
As the supply of starch grain and sugar cane, currently the main feedstocks for bioethanol production, become limited, lignocelluloses will be sought as alternative materials for bioethanol production.
