Production of these often complex transgenic proteins is achieved predominantly in mammalian cell lines but the process is hampered by low yields and unstable expression.
In S. cerevisiae regulation of cell cycle progression is achieved predominantly during a narrow interval in the late G1 phase known as START (Pringle and Hartwell, 1981).
The outcomes of genetic analysis at 11 microsatellite loci and mtDNA indicated that population recovery was achieved predominantly by residual animals: recovery populations were genetically more similar to their respective pre-treatment population than near neighbours; assignment tests detected few immigrants; there was no influx of new immigrant alleles and haplotypes.
NST in mice is achieved predominantly through activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which requires sympathetic release of NE and activation of β3-adrenergic receptors in brown adipose tissue [8], [19].
Thus, yield increases have been achieved predominantly by expansion of cultivated area and not through yield enhancement.
The structure, together with RNA binding assays, shows that the selection of 5′-splice site nucleotides by U1 snRNP is achieved predominantly through basepairing with U1 snRNA whilst U1-C fine-tunes relative affinities of mismatched 5′-splice sites.
In large muscles such as the quadriceps, force increments are achieved predominantly through recruitment of progressively larger MUs, with a smaller contribution from increases in firing rate at higher intensities [ 2].
The feedback regulation of isoprenoid biosynthesis by cholesterol is achieved predominantly through the repression of transcription of genes that govern the synthesis of cholesterol, such as HMG-CoA reductase and HMG-CoA synthase [ 51].
In general, it would appear that significant noise reductions may be achieved for a predominantly high frequency source if the existing ground cover is acoustically hard, or if there is no "ground effect" attenuation between source and receiver for some other reason.
Greater reduction in transmissibility may be achieved if transmission is predominantly carried by larger droplets.
