The fibre intercalation expansions are treated analogously to a thermal problem, based on experimental data, with intercalation coefficients relating the fibre capacity linearly to its expansions.
Although it should not be a problem for hydrodynamics, thermal transfer and even electrostatic measurements, this is surely unacceptable in a quantitative Casimir force measurement.
This can be a problem if solar thermal systems are meant to be implemented in nowadays buildings, where there is a shortage of space.
Thermal pollution may also be a problem, as warmer water cannot hold as much oxygen as cold water.
Sand production from unconsolidated formations is a common problem of thermal recovery wells in Bohai Bay, China.
A novel approach for analyzing a repair under a combined thermo-mechanical loading is described, in which the thermal problem is shown to be equivalent to a mechanical problem.
Fouling is a complex problem which affects thermal equipment.
The mathematical modeling of the chemical processes is a crucial problem of the thermal analysis.
Thermal effect is a key problem to obtain high average power output from the Fe:ZnSe crystal.
However, the strength of bonding is generally lower in the structures with contacts with respect to the ones of pure silicon and this indicates that thermal stability is a major problem for their practical exploitation.
