Idiom
That's a given.
This means that there are no ifs or ands ot buts about something; it's a sure thing.
Exact(3)
Let (x_{0}) be a given initial state.
Let (t_{1}geq t_{0}) be a given initial point and let (Phiin C[[t_{1}-m, t_{1}], mathbb{R}]) be a given initial function.
where φ ∈ H, u : [ 0, + ∞ ) → H is unknown. Definition 2.3 Let φ ∈ H be a given initial value.
Similar(57)
A given starting point, that is a given initial diagenesis model, is randomly generated (Fig. 4b).
(6.1) where (a Jrightarrow R) is an integrable real scalar function, and (f : Jtimes IRrightarrow IR) is an interval-valued function; (x_{0}) is a given initial interval number in IR.
Based on a certain implicitly defined mapping F and the idea of iterative methods for solving LCP (1.2), Pang proposed a basic iterative method u^{ k+1)}=Fbigl u^{ k)}bigr), quad kgeq0, where (u^{(0)}) is a given initial vector, and established the convergence theory.
Periodic orbits that are reached from a given initial condition are often called attractors or limit cycles of the trajectory in the literature.
For instance: which states can be reached from a given initial state under given controls?
Let (phi:[n_{0},0]rightarrowRe) be a given continuous initial function with (|phi|
The removal efficiency increases up to an optimum dose (0.5 g), beyond which the increase in removal efficiency is negligible for a given initial concentration.
The following preprocessing to the algorithm spans all the states that are reachable from a given initial state under a perturbation P: 1.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com